A Study on The Relationship of Endometrial Thickness and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Women of Reproductive Age Group

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological complaint that significantly affects women’s health and quality of life. Endometrial thickness measured by transvaginal ultrasonography serves as a useful non-invasive marker of endometrial pathology. Evaluating its relationship with AUB may improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce unnecessary invasive procedures.
Aim: To evaluate endometrial thickness and its association with abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive-age women.
Method: After informed consent, demographic, menstrual, obstetric, clinical, laboratory, and sonographic data were collected using a structured proforma. Endometrial thickness was measured by ultrasonography, with menstrual cycle day recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 and expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
Results: Among 90 women, mean age was 33.78±5.01 years and mean endometrial thickness 13.28±4.03 mm. Heavy menstrual bleeding predominated. Fibroid was the commonest abnormality. Increased BMI correlated with greater endometrial thickness, while hyperplasia and combined lesions were associated with higher thickness values.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a significant association between endometrial thickness and abnormal uterine bleeding. Most patients had moderately increased endometrial thickness, with heavy menstrual bleeding as the commonest symptom. Higher thickness was associated with fibroids, adenomyosis, hyperplasia, PCOD, and increased BMI, supporting ultrasonography as a valuable non-invasive diagnostic tool.