Quantitative Assessment of Tibial Condylar Dimensions in Human Dry Bones

Abstract

Background: The proximal tibia serves an important function in weight transmission and contributes significantly to the stability of the knee joint. Precise morphometric data of tibial condyles are essential for designing knee prostheses and improving outcomes of arthroplasty procedures. Variations in condylar dimensions across populations necessitate region-specific anatomical data.
Objective: To perform a quantitative assessment of tibial condylar dimensions in human dry bones and evaluate side-wise differences.
Methods:This cross-sectional study included 50 adult dry tibiae (25 right and 25 left) collected from the anatomy and forensic department. Measurements such as anteroposterior (AP) and transverse diameters of both condyles, along with total condylar dimensions, were obtained using a digital Vernier caliper. Statistical analysis included calculation of mean, standard deviation, and p-values to assess side differences.
Results:The medial condyle AP diameter averaged 39.40 ± 4.58 mm (right) and 41.29 ± 4.69 mm (left), showing no statistically significant difference. However, the lateral condyle AP diameter was significantly greater on the left (38.62 ± 3.23 mm) compared to the right (35.98 ± 3.86 mm) (p < 0.01). Total condylar AP diameter also demonstrated a significant side difference (p < 0.01), while transverse diameters and total condylar area did not show statistically significant variation.
Conclusion: The study provides valuable morphometric data on tibial condyles, highlighting significant side differences in certain parameters. These findings are clinically relevant for the design of knee prostheses and can help improve surgical outcomes in knee arthroplasty.