Cardiovascular Pathology: Biochemical Risk Factors and Diagnostic Biomarkers – A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality globally. Biochemical risk factors and diagnostic biomarkers play a crucial role in early detection, risk stratification, and management.Objective: To evaluate the association between biochemical risk factors and diagnostic biomarkers in patients with cardiovascular pathology.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Narayan Medical College, Jamuhar, Sasaram, Bihar, from January 25, 2025 to January 25, 2026. A total of 100 patients with suspected or confirmed cardiovascular disease were included. Biomarkers including lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), troponin I, CK-MB, and fasting blood glucose were analyzed.Results: Elevated LDL, hs-CRP, and troponin I were significantly associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes (p< 0.05). Strong correlations were observed between inflammatory markers and disease severity.Conclusion: Biochemical markers such as lipid parameters and inflammatory biomarkers are valuable predictors of cardiovascular pathology. Early detection using these markers can improve clinical outcomes.