Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcomes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Perimenopausal Women: An Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological concern in perimenopausal women, significantly affecting quality of life. The etiological spectrum ranges from benign structural causes to malignancies, necessitating systematic evaluation and tailored management.
Objective: To assess the clinical profile, etiological patterns, and treatment outcomes of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women.
Methods: This observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Bhagalpur, from February 2025 to January 2026. A total of 140 perimenopausal women presenting with AUB were included. Clinical data, laboratory findings, imaging, histopathology, and treatment outcomes were analyzed.
Results: The most common age group was 45–49 years (42.1%). Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) was the most frequent presentation (48.6%). Structural causes (PALM group) accounted for 61.4% of cases, with leiomyoma being predominant (32.1%). Medical management was effective in 58.6% of cases, while 41.4% required surgical intervention. Significant improvement in symptoms was observed in 87.1% of patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: AUB in perimenopausal women is predominantly due to benign structural causes. Early diagnosis and appropriate management lead to favorable outcomes, with individualized treatment being essential.